Multiple myeloma is a cancer involving abnormal plasma cells, which are crucial for the immune system. These cells multiply uncontrollably in the bone marrow, producing a monoclonal antibody (M protein) with no useful function. The exact cause is not fully understood,...
Spinocerebellar ataxia (SCA) is a progressive neurological disorder characterized by gradual loss of coordination and balance. It is primarily caused by genetic mutations, which lead to the degeneration of the cerebellum, the brain’s part responsible for motor...
Tracheal and bronchial stenosis is narrowing of the trachea and bronchi, causing obstruction to airflow. Causes include post-intubation, post-tracheostomy, infections, trauma, tumors, autoimmune diseases, and congenital tracheal stenosis. Symptoms include shortness of...
A chest tumor is an abnormal growth of tissue within the chest cavity, including the lungs, pleura, mediastinum, chest wall, and diaphragm. Common causes include lung cancer, mesothelioma, thymomas, lymphomas, metastatic tumors, and benign tumors. Symptoms include...
Left trigeminal neuralgia is a chronic pain condition affecting the left trigeminal nerve, which transmits sensation from the face to the brain. The main cause is usually artery compression, which damages the protective myelin sheath, leading to abnormal nerve...
The Amputation Journey: Indications, Types, Complications and the Recovery
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