Tetralogy of Fallot is a congenital (existing from birth) heart abnormality that affects normal blood flow through the heart. Tests like echocardiography, electrocardiograms, chest x-rays, pulse oximetry, and cardiac catheterization can be used to diagnose it. During...
Noonan syndrome is caused by a defective gene, which may impair the normal development of various body parts. Along with probable developmental delays, this genetic condition can cause low stature, heart disorders, odd facial characteristics, short stature, and other...
An atrial septal defect is a congenital heart defect (present at birth) in which the heart has a hole between the atria (upper chambers of the heart), leading to an increased amount of blood flow through the lungs. Cardiologists advise surgery to fix this defect and...
Hip osteoarthritis is a disorder in which the protective joint space between the bones gradually narrows due to the cartilage in the hip joint eroding away over time and becoming frayed and rough. Total hip replacement surgery is used to treat hip osteoarthritis in...
Neurofibromas are benign tumours that develop on nerve tissue alongside blood vessels. They can be cutaneous neurofibromas (those that develop on nerves in the skin), subcutaneous neurofibromas (those that develop beneath the skin), or those that develop deeper in the...